Bronzino (1503–1572) – wysubtelniony, wyrafinowany i tajemniczy

Józef bierze Symeona jako zakładnika, fragment, gobelin wg proj. Bronzina, Palazzo del Quirinale, zdj. Wikipedia

Józef bierze Symeona jako zakładnika, fragment, gobelin wg proj. Bronzina, Palazzo del Quirinale, zdj. Wikipedia

Malarz, a zarazem poeta przebywał w Rzymie tylko krótką chwilę i tak naprawdę nie wiemy, co tam robił. I chociaż ten czołowy reprezentant manieryzmu i nadworny malarz dworu medycejskiego nie pozostawił wówczas w mieście owoców swej pracy, tutejsze muzea przechowują kilka znaczących (pozyskanych później) jego dzieł – zaskakujących, uwodzących pięknem i tajemniczą aurą.

Józef bierze Symeona jako zakładnika, fragment, gobelin wg proj. Bronzina, Palazzo del Quirinale, zdj. Wikipedia
Bronzino, Pigmalion i Galatea (Galleria Uffizi, Florencja), zdj. Wikipedia
Bronzino, Madonna z Dzieciątkiem, świętym Janem Chrzcicielem i świętą Anną, Galleria Colonna
Bronzino, Portret Stefana Colonny, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Antica, Palazzo Barberini
Uczta Józefa z braćmi, jeden z gobelinów wg projektu Bronzina, Palazzo Quirinale, zdj. Wikipedia
Kielich Józefa znaleziony w worku Benjamina, fragment, jeden z gobelinów wg proj. Bronzina, Palazzo Quirinale, zdj. Wikipedia
Bronzino, Eleonora di Toledo z synem Giovannim, ok.1645, Galleria Uffizi, Florencja, zdj. Wikipedia
Bronzino, Andrea Doria jako Neptun, Pinacoteca di Brera, Milano, zdj. Wikipedia
Bronzino, Wenus, Kupidyn i Satyr, Galleria Colonna, zdj. Wikipedia

Malarz, a zarazem poeta przebywał w Rzymie tylko krótką chwilę i tak naprawdę nie wiemy, co tam robił. I chociaż ten czołowy reprezentant manieryzmu i nadworny malarz dworu medycejskiego nie pozostawił wówczas w mieście owoców swej pracy, tutejsze muzea przechowują kilka znaczących (pozyskanych później) jego dzieł – zaskakujących, uwodzących pięknem i tajemniczą aurą.

Bronzino – tak brzmiał jego przydomek, nie do końca dla nas zrozumiały. Czy chodziło o kolor jego skóry, włosów, czy może o coś, co w ówczesnym kodzie burleski odnosiło się do praktyk homoseksualnych (Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures, London, 2000), nie wiemy.

Agnolo di Cosimo di Mariano Tori był synem florenckiego rzeźnika i jak to w tamtych czasach bywało, jako ośmiolatek został oddany do warsztatu malarza Raffaellina del Garbo, aby po pięciu latach trafić do pracowni zaledwie dziewięć lat od siebie starszego artysty Jacopa da Pontormo. Łączyła ich praca nad freskami we florenckich kościołach, wspólna fascynacja dziełami Michała Anioła i przyjaźń trwająca aż do śmierci, która zapewne wychodziła poza ramy koleżeństwa. Świadczyć o tym może bardzo interesujący obraz autorstwa Bronzina, ukazujący Galateę i Pigmaliona (Uffizi, Florencja): twarz Pigmaliona przypomina w nim twarz Pontorma, a twarz Galatei – Bronzina. Oczywiście obraz można interpretować jako rodzaj hołdu złożonego przez młodego malarza mistrzowi, który go artystycznie ukształtował. Ale dlaczego wybrał taki właśnie sposób składania płomiennego hołdu (ogień w tle sceny), pozostanie tajemnicą.

Bronzino bardzo powoli wyzwalał się spod wpływu Pontorma. Jego wczesne prace do złudzenia przypominają te malowane przez nauczyciela, są wręcz nie do odróżnienia. Stopniowo jednak wypracowywał własny, bardzo elegancki styl, wyróżniający się pięknem i swoistym splendorem. Być może kluczową rolę odegrał tu wyjazd do Pesaro (1530), na dwór rodu della Rovere, gdzie niespełna trzydziestolatek po raz pierwszy zetknął się z wyszukanym dworskim życiem i obyczajami. Dworskość tę uchwycił w malowanych podówczas portretach, w których dystynkcja zdecydowanie dominuje nad pragnieniem oddania jakiegokolwiek stanu emocjonalnego modeli.

Bronzino, Pigmalion i Galatea

Wnet przywołany do Florencji, Bronzino w dalszym ciągu współpracował z Pontormem, wykonując dekoracje medycejskich willi. Przejawiał też zapędy literackie. Nie zapominajmy, że Florencja już od dziesięcioleci była kolebką życia literackiego i filozoficznego, z prężnie działającą Akademią Florencką, skupiającą uczonych i rozbudzonych intelektualnie amatorów dyskutujących na temat poezji Petrarki czy zagadnienia miłości w filozofii Platona. Wśród literatów modny stał się też nurt ostro satyryczny, graniczący z burleską. I takim właśnie poematem, o zabarwieniu prześmiewczo-absurdalnym, był literacki debiut Bronzina pt. Del pennello (1538), bawiący się dwuznacznością słowa pennello, które może oznaczać zarówno penisa, jak i pędzel.

W wieku 37 lat artysta dostąpił zaszczytu i został nadwornym malarzem Medyceuszy, dla których tworzył nadzwyczaj wysmakowane, emanujące dostojeństwem i dworskim dystansem portrety. Niedługo potem (1546) wyjechał do Rzymu. Być może powodem były niesnaski w Akademii Florenckiej, z której został wydalony. Dlaczego? Jak donoszą kronikarze, z powodu swej „niekonwencjonalnej i lekceważącej postawy”. Pobyt w Rzymie wykorzystał najpewniej do obejrzenia ukończonego kilka lat wcześniej Sąd Ostatecznego Michała Anioła. Być może poszukiwał tam też nowych pomocników do realizacji zamówionego przez księcia Florencji Cosimę I cyklu kartonów do arrasów poświęconych postaci starotestamentowego Józefa. Szczęśliwym trafem dziesięć spośród tych gobelinów można dzisiaj oglądać w mieście nad Tybrem i są one, obok arrasów stworzonych według kartonów Rafaela (historia świętych Piotra i Pawła), najdoskonalszymi przykładami tej dziedziny sztuki w ogóle. Być może również w Rzymie namalował Bronzino Portret kondotiera Stefana Colonny.

Po powrocie do Florencji artysta stworzył cykl niezwykłych, alegoryczno-mitologicznych scen poświęconych bogini Wenus i Kupidynowi, z których jedyna zachowana w Italii znajduje się w Rzymie (Wenus, Kupidyn i Satyr). Jednak największe sukcesy odniósł jako twórca portretów, często zaskakujących i nietypowych, jak chociażby ten stworzony w latach sześćdziesiątych, a dedykowany synowi Cosimy I – Giovanniemu, który jest jednocześnie wizerunkiem Jana Chrzciciela (Święty Jan Chrzciciel).

Gdy Bronzino w 1572 roku umarł, jego dzieło w pełnym tego słowa znaczeniu kontynuował jego adoptowany syn i naśladowca, Alessandro Allori. Malarz przyjął go do siebie jako pięciolatka, po śmierci jego ojca. Allori nie tylko zapożyczył imię swego dobrodzieja i tytułował się „Secondo Bronzino”, ale też sposób malowania, co często może prowadzić do pomyłek w atrybucji.


Bronzino, Wenus, Kupidymn i Satyr

Dzieła Bronzina przechowywane w Rzymie:

  •     Madonna z Dzieciątkiem, świętym Janem Chrzcicielem i świętą Anną, ok. 1535, Galleria Colonna
  •     Portret Stefana Colonny, 1546, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Antica, Palazzo Barberini
  •     10 gobelinów wg kartonów Bronzina i Pontorma (Historia biblijnego Józefa), 1545–1553, Sala del Bronzino, Palazzo del Quirinale (sprowadzone do Rzymu w 1882 roku z Florencji)
  •     Wenus, Kupidyn i Satyr, ok. 1555, Galleria Colonna
  •     Święty Bartłomiej, ok. 1555, Galleria dell’Accademia Nazionale di San Luca
  •     Święty Jan Chrzciciel, ok. 1561, Galleria Borghese

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      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 17
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '17' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 17
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '18' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 18
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '18' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 18
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '19' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '19' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '20' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 20
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')280μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '401' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 401
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '401' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 401
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '401' and `lang` = 'pl'630μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 401
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '401' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 401
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '401'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 401
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '401' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 401
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '401'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 401
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '5' limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '5' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 5
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '2' limit 1330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '401'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 401
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5875' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5875
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5876' and `lang` = 'pl'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5876
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5877' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5877
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5878' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5878
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5879' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5879
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')260μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5880' and `lang` = 'pl'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5880
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5881' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5881
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5882' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5882
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5883' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5883
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5884' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5884
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '401'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 401
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '168' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 168
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')280μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '168' and `lang` = 'pl'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 168
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '168' and `lang` = 'pl'610μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 168
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '168' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 168
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '168'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 168
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '168' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 168
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '168'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 168
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '4' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 4
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '234' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 234
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '234' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 234
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '234' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 234
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '234' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 234
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '234'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 234
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '234' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 234
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '234'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 234
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '319'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '319' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '342'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '397'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '397' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '2' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '1' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '401'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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