Piazza di San Pietro – genialny zamysł dwóch wizjonerów

Widok placu św. Piotra z lotu ptaka

Widok placu św. Piotra z lotu ptaka

To tu zbierają się wierni, aby doświadczyć błogosławieństwa papieża albo wziąć udział w celebrowanych przez niego ważnych mszach. Ten najsławniejszy plac na świecie uderza swą wielkością, ale to nie ona jest jego największym atutem. Jest nią przestrzeń, w której mimo otaczającego nas wyniosłego monumentalizmu czujemy się bezpiecznie, jak w ramionach Pana – i takie było przesłanie jego twórców. 

Widok placu św. Piotra z lotu ptaka
Plac św. Piotra (Piazza di San Pietro) i via della Conciliazione, widok z kopuły bazyliki św. Piotra
Bazylika św. Piotra z czasów Konstantyna, zdj. Wikipedia
Widok placu przed bazyliką św. Piotra z 1588 roku, fresk, zdj. Wikipedia
Widok placu przed bazyliką św. Piotra, Antonio Tempesta, ok.1593 r., zdj. Wikipedia
Plac św. Piotra ok. 1600 r., zdj. Wikipedia
Widok placu św. Piotra, Louis de Caullery, scena ukazująca wybór Klemens VIII na papieża, 1592 r., zdj. Wikipedia
Początkowe założenie placu św. Piotra i kolumnady wg projektu Gian Lorenzo Berniniego, Giacomo Lauro, 1599 r., zdj. Wikipedia
Plac i kolumnada przed bazyliką San Pietro in Vaticano, proj. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

To tu zbierają się wierni, aby doświadczyć błogosławieństwa papieża albo wziąć udział w celebrowanych przez niego ważnych mszach. Ten najsławniejszy plac na świecie uderza swą wielkością, ale to nie ona jest jego największym atutem. Jest nią przestrzeń, w której mimo otaczającego nas wyniosłego monumentalizmu czujemy się bezpiecznie, jak w ramionach Pana – i takie było przesłanie jego twórców. 

Dziś plac wydaje się integralną częścią Bazyliki św. Piotra, a przecież nie zawsze tak było. W momencie powstania bazyliki konstantyńskiej w IV wieku teren przed nią charakteryzował się prawie 10-metrowym spadkiem w kierunku powstałej wraz z nią osady (Borgo). Pierwsze prace mające faktycznie na celu stworzenie czegoś na kształt placu zainaugurowano dopiero za papieża Piusa II, a więc w drugiej połowie XV wieku. Do tej pory było to klepisko dość zaniedbane. Jeszcze na początku XVI wieku przed bazyliką znajdowały się schody prowadzące do prostokątnego wypłaszczenia (platea Sancti Petri) oddzielającego areał bazyliki od reszty miasta. Miejsce to musiało czekać jednak wiele dekad, w trakcie których stopniowo wyburzano starą bazylikę cesarza Konstantyna, zamieniając ją w nową, której budowę zainicjował papież Juliusz II. Ukończono ją na początku XVII wieku i dopiero wtedy zrodził się pomysł uporządkowania terenu i nadania mu reprezentacyjnego charakteru. Ale nie tylko. Jak się okazało, tworzona przez różnych architektów budowla epatowała fasadą zbyt monumentalną, która w znacznym stopniu zasłoniła wspaniałą kopułę Michała Anioła. Trzeba było pomyśleć o optycznym „zwarciu” elewacji, a oprócz tego zharmonizowaniu poziomów – wyżej usytuowanej bazyliki z niżej położonym placem. Chodziło zarówno o religijną funkcję tego miejsca, jak również o pragnienie stworzenia schronienia (wręcz noclegowni) dla przybywających tu zmęczonych pielgrzymów. Potrzebny był więc rodzaj zadaszenia. Genialny Gian Lorenzo Bernini, któremu papież Aleksander VII powierzył zadanie zagospodarowania tej przestrzeni, nie miał łatwego zadania, tym bardziej że pontifeks nie tylko ingerował w projekty, ale też w zdecydowany sposób pragnął je współtworzyć. Architekt i zleceniodawca spotykali się i nieustannie dyskutowali o nowym założeniu, które miało być prawdziwą perłą w fundacjach następcy Piotrowego wywodzącego się z rodu Chigi. Możemy bez przesady powiedzieć, że było to ich wspólne dzieło.


Pierwszy projekt nie przypadł do gustu papieżowi, ale ten zaprezentowany przez Berniniego w 1657 roku wzbudził już jego entuzjazm. Architekt zaplanował plac w kształcie elipsy otoczony monumentalną kolumnadą (kolumnada Berniniego). Nie jest to jednak do końca elipsa, ale obszar powstały z dwóch nachodzących na siebie okręgów. Kształt ten miał być symbolem Ziemi (spłaszczona elipsa), natomiast kolumnada ramionami Kościoła (Chrystusa) obejmującego wszystkich ludzi. Bernini optycznie „zwęził” w ten sposób fasadę bazyliki, „wywyższył” jej kopułę i jednocześnie „podwyższył” sam plac.

W efekcie plac składa się z dwóch połączonych form, co najlepiej widać z kopuły bazyliki. Pierwsza przestrzeń ma kształt trapezu, który flankują mierzące ponad pięć metrów wysokości figury świętych Piotra i Pawła. Umieszczone zostały w tym miejscu dopiero w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku (zastępując wcześniejsze). Gdy przyjrzymy się im bliżej, zauważymy, że wykonane zostały przez dwóch artystów pracujących w odmiennych stylach. Posąg świętego Piotra, z nieodzownym atrybutem, jakim są klucze, oraz ze zwojem praw, wykonał Giuseppe de Fabris, natomiast figurę świętego Pawła, z mieczem (narzędziem jego męczeństwa) oraz księgą – Adamo Tadolini, najznakomitszy uczeń genialnego Antonia Canovy. Trapez łączy się następnie z elipsą, którą otacza wspomniana kolumnada.

Bernini z pietyzmem, a zarazem z rozmachem, zaplanował każdy szczegół placu. Jako środek owalu wykorzystał egipski obelisk (obelisk Vaticano), przeniesiony w to miejsce za czasów papieża Sykstusa V. Po obu jego stronach znajdują się malownicze fontanny (fontane di Piazza San Pietro). Jedna z nich stała już wcześniej na placu i zmodernizowana została przez Carla Maderno na początku XVII wieku, drugą, bardzo podobną, stworzył sam Bernini. Między nimi a obeliskiem znajdują się dwie białe, kamienne płyty. Stając na nich i patrząc na kolumnadę, dostrzeżemy zaplanowany przez Berniniego zaskakujący efekt optyczny – rząd czterech kolumn zamienia się w jedną. Dziś areał wokół obelisku zdobi tzw. Róża Wiatrów (16 płyt ułożonych w kształt tarczy z 32 rombami), powstała w 1817 roku według obliczeń astronoma Filippa Gillego. Wykorzystując zmieniającą się długość cienia rzucanego przez obelisk, pokazuje, jak Słońce przechodzi z jednego znaku zodiaku w kolejny.

Cały plac liczy ponad 35 tysięcy metrów kwadratowych. Ma 340 metrów długości i 240 metrów szerokości. Charakterystycznym dla miasta czarnym bazaltem wybrukowany został dopiero w czasach papieża Benedykta XIII (1724–1730).

Wiemy, że pomieścić może setki tysięcy wiernych, a może nawet więcej, czego dowodem była ceremonia pogrzebowa papieża Jana Pawła II, w której udział wzięło ponoć 300 tysięcy żałobników.

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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '19' and `lang` = 'pl'950μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '19' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '20' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 20
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'590μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')940μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'990μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')960μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')920μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'1.06msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')1.32msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')1.08msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`1.27msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '404' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '404' and `lang` = 'pl'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 404
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '404' and `lang` = 'pl'510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 404
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '404' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 404
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '404'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '404' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '404'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '27' limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '404'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5918' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5918
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5919' and `lang` = 'pl'8.62msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5919
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')3.88msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5920' and `lang` = 'pl'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5920
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5921' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5921
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5922' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5922
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5923' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5923
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5924' and `lang` = 'pl'790μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5924
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')1msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5925' and `lang` = 'pl'680μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5925
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5926' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5926
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5927' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5927
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5928' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5928
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5929' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5929
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5930' and `lang` = 'pl'680μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5930
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5931' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5931
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5932' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5932
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5933' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5933
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5934' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5934
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '404'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '3' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '3' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 3
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '3' and `lang` = 'pl'830μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 3
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '3' and `lang` = 'pl'570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 3
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '3'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 3
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '3' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '3'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'670μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'910μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'560μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '28'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 28
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '28' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '28'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '4' and `lang` = 'pl'590μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 115
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '115' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 115
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '115' and `lang` = 'pl'540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 115
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '115' and `lang` = 'pl'590μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 115
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '115'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 115
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '115' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1690μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 115
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '115'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 115
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '160' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '160' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 160
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '160' and `lang` = 'pl'690μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 160
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '160' and `lang` = 'pl'700μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 160
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '160'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 160
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '160' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '160'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 160
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '3' and `lang` = 'pl'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 3
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '263' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null560μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 263
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '263' and `lang` = 'pl'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 263
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '263' and `lang` = 'pl'830μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 263
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '263' and `lang` = 'pl'570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 263
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '263'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 263
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 311
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '311' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 311
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '311' and `lang` = 'pl'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 311
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '311' and `lang` = 'pl'540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 311
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '311'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 311
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '311' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 311
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '311'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 311
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 402
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '402' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 402
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 402
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '402' and `lang` = 'pl'530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '402'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '402' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 402
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 402
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`590μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles_categories' and `entity_id` = '27'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 404
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '404' and `lang` = 'pl'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        • 1. 404
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '404'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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