Pope Stephen VI (? – 897) – a story of the battle between the pope and a cadaver

Pope Formosus, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina

Pope Formosus, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina

Among the many popes there are often figures far removed from sainthood. Although if we were to point out those most worthy of criticism, Pope Stephen would most likely be among the leaders, if not at the very top. He is remembered in the history of the Church through an unprecedented act, which will for centuries and essentially for all eternity be identified with him. It was at his initiative that the so-called Cadaver Synod – the macabre trial, which was carried out upon his political enemy, was called. And as is often the case, the initiator died by a weapon, which he himself had willingly used.

Pope Formosus, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina
Pope Stephen VI, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina
Pope Sergius III, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina
Pope John XII, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina
Pope John X, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina
Pope John IX, figure from Le vite dei pontifici, 1710, Bartolomeo Platina

Among the many popes there are often figures far removed from sainthood. Although if we were to point out those most worthy of criticism, Pope Stephen would most likely be among the leaders, if not at the very top. He is remembered in the history of the Church through an unprecedented act, which will for centuries and essentially for all eternity be identified with him. It was at his initiative that the so-called Cadaver Synod – the macabre trial, which was carried out upon his political enemy, was called. And as is often the case, the initiator died by a weapon, which he himself had willingly used.

 

Stephen was the son of a Roman presbyter John and prior to ascending to the papal throne he was ordained – as he later claimed, against his will – as the bishop of Anagni, by the then pope, Formosus. He became pope in April of 896, immediately after the death of the aforementioned pontiff. He was placed upon the papal throne by the lords of the Duchy of Spoleto, at the head of which stood the dethroned in the meantime (by Formosus) ex-emperor and ex-king of Italy, Lambert of Spoleto (Lambert II). Their bitter enemy, was the ailing and absent from the Apennine Peninsula, king of the Eastern Franks, Arnulf of Carinthia, who had received the imperial crown from Formosus. As long as Arnulf remained in Italy, Stephen did not question his status and rank. However, as soon as he left, the new pope began implementing his truly diabolical plan. In January of 897 he called all the Church and lay dignitaries to the Lateran Palace, then had the body of Formosus taken out of his tomb, dressed in pontifical robes and seated on the throne. His trial lasted three days. After the verdict was read, three fingers were cut off from the corpse, it was stripped of its robes and thrown into an unmarked grave, only to be taken out after several days and cast into the Tiber. The dethroned Emperor Lambert, who was at that time seventeen years old and who   had come to the city with his mother Ageltrude also took part in this macabre act of barbarism. We do not know who was the initiator of this exhibition, nevertheless it served the interests of only three people. Undoubtedly it was Pope Stephen who played first fiddle. He accused Formosus of usurping the post of pope, since as the bishop of Porto he had no right to St. Peter’s throne. Well – it must be said that the punishment handed out by Stephen VI was much more terrible than the deed, it did however carry with it a certain significant consequence. Stephen himself also – just as Formosus had done – abandoned his original bishopric, becoming the bishop of Rome. However, when the sentence of the Cadaver Synod withheld all rights from Formosus, while all his decrees and resolutions were deemed invalid, including the nomination of Stephen as the bishop of Anagni, the selection of the latter to the post of pope became completely lawful and could not arouse any doubts. In this way, Stephen not only got revenge upon his enemy, but also gained something much more important – the unquestionable right to sit upon St. Peter’s throne – in the process shutting the  mouths of all those, who would call him usurper. As it seems, the dethroned Lambert could also have a reason to celebrate, since the decree concerning his dethronement was also deemed invalid. Both Pope Stephen VI, as well as the newly appointed emperor did not foresee the fact, that their deed – confirming respect for the law, however in a perverse form, born in the minds of people bereft of basic ethical norms, not to mention Christian values – would quickly turn against them. In the summer of the very same year, due to an earthquake the dome of the Lateran Basilica (San Giovanni in Laterano), collapsed. Rome erupted. The pious, although overly superstitious inhabitants of the city, saw in this event an expression of the wrath of God, while the clergymen, ordained by Formosus, and returned to the layman status by Stephen, began to speak loudly, about what the Roman populace had wanted to hear all along – the collapse of the most important papal basilica was a response to the unprecedented barbarism of the pope. That summer things happened rapidly. In August, the pope was captured, imprisoned and then strangled. He was buried however – as tradition necessitated – in the Vatican Basilica (San Pietro in Vaticano). We can only imagine, the cheering Roman populace, which at the same time – as was the habit – began   looting the papal chambers of all the items left behind. However, not everybody was celebrating. The ex-emperor and probably the collaborator of Stephen VI , Lambert of Spoleto did not despair for long, since he died a year later, some claim that it was not so much due to an accident during a hunt but because of his enemies. Another, who grieved at the pope’s death was a man named Sergius, who was later to play a significant role in the history of the papacy (Sergius III). He and the murdered Pope Stephen VI were friends but most importantly shared a common hatred for Formosus, which Sergius was able to display several years later.

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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'en'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'en'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'en'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')560μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'en'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '358' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 358
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '358' and `lang` = 'en'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 358
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '358' and `lang` = 'en'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 358
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '358' and `lang` = 'en'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 358
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '358'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 358
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '358' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 358
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '358'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 358
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '12' limit 1350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'en'290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '1' limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '358'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 358
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5557' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5557
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5558' and `lang` = 'en'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5558
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5559' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5559
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5560' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5560
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5561' and `lang` = 'en'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5561
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '5562' and `lang` = 'en'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 5562
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '358'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 358
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '17' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 17
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'650μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '17'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 17
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '17' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 17
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '17'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 17
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '46' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'en'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 46
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'en'740μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 46
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'en'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 46
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '46'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 46
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '46' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '46'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '150' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 150
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '150' and `lang` = 'en'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 150
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '150' and `lang` = 'en'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 150
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '150' and `lang` = 'en'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 150
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '150'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 150
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '150' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 150
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '150'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 150
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '353' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 353
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '353' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 353
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '353' and `lang` = 'en'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 353
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '353' and `lang` = 'en'530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 353
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '353'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 353
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '353' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 353
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '353'710μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 353
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'en'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '355' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 355
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '355' and `lang` = 'en'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 355
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '355' and `lang` = 'en'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 355
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '355' and `lang` = 'en'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 355
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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