Pope Sixtus III (390–440) – a great constructor of Christian Rome

Main nave of the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli

Main nave of the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli

He came from the significant Roman, Colonna family and was a member of a group of popes whose ambition it was to build a strong, centralized Church. A key role was to be filled by Rome – a city proud of having the burial site of two great martyrs – SS. Peter and Paul, and through the pope, desiring to hold sway over the Christian world. This leading role, was expressed not only in spreading the Word of God or combating unorthodox religious doctrines, but also in the will of creating a new face of the city – this time Christian.

Main nave of the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli
Interior of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore
Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, mosaic in the triumphal arch
Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, mosaics od the main nave, architrave and a row of Ionian columns
Body of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore on a medieval drawing, Museo di Santa Maria Maggiore
Baptistery of San Giovanni in Laterano
Façade of the Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
Interior od the Basilica of Santa Sabina
Baptistery of San Giovanni in Laterano, old vestibule, presently Chapel of SS Justina and Cyprian

He came from the significant Roman, Colonna family and was a member of a group of popes whose ambition it was to build a strong, centralized Church. A key role was to be filled by Rome – a city proud of having the burial site of two great martyrs – SS. Peter and Paul, and through the pope, desiring to hold sway over the Christian world. This leading role, was expressed not only in spreading the Word of God or combating unorthodox religious doctrines, but also in the will of creating a new face of the city – this time Christian.

 

     

Ascending to the papal throne in the year 432, Sixtus III in a decisive way took over the role of founder of sacral structures, which until then had been the domain of the emperor and his family or wealthy donors. He also, commissioned one of the grandest churches in Rome – the Santa Maria Maggiore, in which both Romans as well as pilgrims could experience the might of the pope and the apostolic city. The church was a kind of a result of the Council of Ephesus (431), where the dogma on the Divine Motherhood of the Blessed Virgin was announced, in this way introducing a new feast to the calendar (Our Lady of the Snows) and a new saint – Mary, the Mother of God. The church was decorated with magnificent mosaics, furnished with gold and silver liturgical paraments and silver altars. Jerome (the latter saint) deplored over these gilded walls and altars shining with precious stones, however, his voice was inaudible, or on the rare occasions when it was heard, it was treated with protective aloofness – the time of modesty, in-house gatherings of the faithful and celebrations concentrated on the Word of God had passed. Both the rich and the poor willingly spent time in exquisite churches, while pompousness only added splendor and strengthened the faith which had already been made into a state religion and was fully victorious over the still recently tolerated pagan cults. The form itself of the newly erected basilica – with a row of Ionian columns and classic in style mosaics – is however an evidence of adapting ancient patterns and is a continuation of Roman art of the IV century.

After the pagan temples had been shut down, while pagan cults forbidden, the identification of the papacy with centuries-old Rome only took place not only in the spirit of ancient achievements – as far as law, philosophy or architecture, but also through a sort of ideological parallel. As Jupiter had watched over Rome previously, now it was watched over by a Christian God and two apostles, Peter and Paul, who – as Romulus and Remus – became patrons of the city. A new Rome was born, not an imperial one but a papal one instead.

     

The important from the prestigious point of view Basilica of St. John on the Lateran (San Giovanni in Laterano), found next to the pope’s residence and thus treated with equal respect to St. Peter’s Basilica (San Pietro in Vaticano), was decorated with similar enthusiasm.

Sixtus III was only bishop of Rome for eight years, while this period was marked with frequent at that time doctrinal disputes of various branches of Christianity – mainly Pelagians and Nestorians.

A trial over the rape of a nun brought infamy upon the pope’s name, but since the accusers were unable to find witnesses of this event, the dignitary was freed from all accusations.

In the Liber Pontificalis there is an unclear note about the Church of St. Lawrence Outside the Walls (San Lorenzo fuori le mura), which was allegedly also founded by Sixtus III, although most likely this was only a building which belonged to that complex. It was probably in this very building that the pope’s earthly remains were laid to rest after his death.

Other structures created at the initiative of Sixtus III or during his pontificate:

 

     
  •     Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore – mosaics still visible today in the part of the triumphal arch (scenes of the birth and adolescence of Christ) in the part under the windows of the main nave (scenes from the Old Testament). The architrave was also preserved along with the twenty columns supporting it on each side of the main nave. In the apse there were mosaics depicting Our Lady surrounded by saints (later replaced with other mosaics). The dedicative inscription seen on the triumphal arch of the church proclaims: Xystus episcopus plebi Dei, which means “Bishop Sixtus for the God’s people”.
  •     Providing a new architectural look for the San Giovanni in Laterano Baptistery and decorating it with mosaics and marble decorations (only preserved in part of the vestibule)
  •     Enriching the complex of the Church of San Sebastiano at via Appia Antica with a new monastery
  •   Erecting the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli (its founder was Empress Licinia Eudoxia)
  •     Erecting the Church of San Lorenzo in Lucina
  •   Completing the construction of the Basilica of Santa Sabina, started by the previous pope, Celestine I.

   

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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'en'510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'en'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'en'430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'en'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'en'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'en'290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')2.22msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`1.19msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '254' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 254
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')1.06msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '254' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 254
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '254' and `lang` = 'en'1.64msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 254
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '254' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 254
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '254'540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 254
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '254' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 254
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '254'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 254
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '12' limit 1330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'en'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '1' limit 1360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '254'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 254
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4058' and `lang` = 'en'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4058
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4059' and `lang` = 'en'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4059
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4060' and `lang` = 'en'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4060
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4061' and `lang` = 'en'920μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4061
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4062' and `lang` = 'en'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4062
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4063' and `lang` = 'en'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4063
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4064' and `lang` = 'en'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4064
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4065' and `lang` = 'en'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4065
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4066' and `lang` = 'en'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4066
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '254'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 254
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '35' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 35
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '35' and `lang` = 'en'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 35
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '35' and `lang` = 'en'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 35
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '35' and `lang` = 'en'530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 35
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '35'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 35
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '35' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 35
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '35'560μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 35
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '138' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 138
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '138' and `lang` = 'en'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 138
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '138' and `lang` = 'en'510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 138
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '138' and `lang` = 'en'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 138
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '138'870μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 138
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '138' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 138
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '138'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 138
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'en'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '146' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 146
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '146' and `lang` = 'en'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 146
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '146' and `lang` = 'en'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 146
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '146' and `lang` = 'en'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 146
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '146'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 146
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '148' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 148
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '148' and `lang` = 'en'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 148
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '148' and `lang` = 'en'680μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 148
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '148' and `lang` = 'en'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 148
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '148'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 148
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '148' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 148
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '148'650μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 148
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'en'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 17
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '199' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 199
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '199' and `lang` = 'en'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 199
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '199' and `lang` = 'en'710μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 199
        • 2. en
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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