Papież Innocenty I (? – 417) – charyzmatyczny przywódca Kościoła w czasach chaosu i niepewności

Domniemany wizerunek papieża Innocentego I, The Lives and Times of the Popes by Chevalier Artaud de Montor, zdj. Wikipedia

Domniemany wizerunek papieża Innocentego I, The Lives and Times of the Popes by Chevalier Artaud de Montor, zdj. Wikipedia

Napad Wizygotów w 410 roku i rabunek Rzymu odbiły się negatywnie na zaufaniu mieszkańców Wiecznego Miasta do cesarza Honoriusza, bezczynnie przyglądającego się temu wydarzeniu z dalekiej Rawenny. Kilka lat wcześniej, w 401 roku, na stolec Piotrowy, zaraz po śmierci swego ojca i poprzednika, Atanazego I, powołany został Innocenty I. Musiał on wytłumaczyć rozczarowanym rzymianom, dlaczego Bóg dopuścił do tak straszliwego nieszczęścia w ich mieście, w którym dopiero co zamknięto pogańskie świątynie, a kult tradycyjnych antycznych bogów został zabroniony. Tym bardziej że w czasie oblężenia Rzymu przez Alaryka również papież szukał schronienia na cesarskim dworze.   

Domniemany wizerunek papieża Innocentego I, The Lives and Times of the Popes by Chevalier Artaud de Montor, zdj. Wikipedia

Napad Wizygotów w 410 roku i rabunek Rzymu odbiły się negatywnie na zaufaniu mieszkańców Wiecznego Miasta do cesarza Honoriusza, bezczynnie przyglądającego się temu wydarzeniu z dalekiej Rawenny. Kilka lat wcześniej, w 401 roku, na stolec Piotrowy, zaraz po śmierci swego ojca i poprzednika, Atanazego I, powołany został Innocenty I. Musiał on wytłumaczyć rozczarowanym rzymianom, dlaczego Bóg dopuścił do tak straszliwego nieszczęścia w ich mieście, w którym dopiero co zamknięto pogańskie świątynie, a kult tradycyjnych antycznych bogów został zabroniony. Tym bardziej że w czasie oblężenia Rzymu przez Alaryka również papież szukał schronienia na cesarskim dworze.   

Z pomocą przyszedł mu autorytet intelektualny tamtych czasów – biskup Hippony Augustyn (późniejszy święty), który napisał z tego powodu jedną ze swych najważniejszych ksiąg „O państwie Bożym”. Tłumaczył w niej najazd Wizygotów jako karę za grzechy pogan i niemoralny tryb życia samych chrześcijan. Ale i on nie był w stanie uśmierzyć u mieszkańców Wiecznego Miasta bojaźni przed kolejnymi najazdami coraz bardziej zuchwałych plemion germańskich. Sytuacja ta nie tylko nie osłabiła autorytetu Innocentego I, ale wręcz go wzmocniła. Ci, którzy pozostali w mieście, poszukiwali pomocy w modlitwach i wzywaniu opieki nowego, chrześcijańskiego Boga, a często też poprzez świątobliwe donacje i wsparcie dla Kościoła zabezpieczali swój pośmiertny byt, wierząc, że pomogą im one w uplasowaniu się na korzystniejszym miejscu w zaświatach. To dzięki tym donacjom powstawać zaczęły kościoły parafialne w centrum miasta. W czasie pontyfikatu Innocentego I Rzym wzbogacił się w ten sposób o kolejne świątynie i kolejnych świętych.  Jeszcze przed 410 rokiem konsekrowany został kościół San Marcello, ukończono kościół Santa Pudenziana ze wspaniałymi mozaikami i najprawdopodobniej w tym czasie miała też miejsce konsekracja kościoła San Clemente. Ambicją papieża było wprowadzenie do miasta kultu świętych męczenników innych prowincji, czyli poszerzenie ich grona o tych, którzy zginęli za wiarę również poza granicami Wiecznego Miasta. Pragnął on w ten sposób zaakcentować uniwersalizm Rzymu jako centrum pamięci i centrum religijne wszystkich katolików. Przykładem może być sprowadzenie do miasta kultu dwóch lombardzkich świętych – Protazego i Gerwazego, i nadanie ich imion nowo powstałemu kościołowi na Eskwilinie (późniejszy San Vitale). Podobnie przywędrował do Rzymu, z okolic Akwilei, święty Chryzostom, stając się patronem ufundowanego w czasie pontyfikatu Innocentego I kościoła San Crisogono na Zatybrzu (Trastevere). Miasto, wzbogacone o niedawno powstałą bazylikę memoratywną poświęconą św. Pawłowi (San Paolo fuori le mura), mogło się więc poszczycić znaczącymi świątyniami i dwoma głównymi świętymi patronami (Piotr i Paweł). Wiara w ich cudowną moc i wstawiennictwo zaczęła przyciągać do Rzymu rzesze pielgrzymów i okazała się silniejsza niż ta w coraz bardziej wypieranych, choć wciąż jeszcze niewypartych, bogów pogańskich. Podobna sytuacja zaistniała w sferze obyczajowości. Mocno zakorzenione w rzymskiej świadomości rytuały pogańskie, jak choćby libacje pogrzebowe, zabawy weselne czy barwne pochody (luperkalia), stopniowo były wypierane bądź asymilowane, a w ich miejsce ustanawiano święta kościelne. A krwawe rozrywki rzymian? Powoli, acz z oporem również one były wypierane. Tak stało się z walkami gladiatorów. To przypadek zadecydował tak naprawdę o ich zaniechaniu po śmierci greckiego mnicha o imieniu Telemachiusz. Według starożytnej opowieści rzucił się on na walczących gladiatorów, aby dać wyraz swemu sprzeciwowi dla tego typu barbarzyńskich igrzysk, co do tego stopnia nie spodobało się widowni, że zaczęła rzucać w niego kamieniami. Cóż za paradoks, możemy powiedzieć, że impulsem do zakończenia zwyczaju gladiatorskich walk była wręcz męczeńska śmierć mnicha ukamienowanego w czasach chrześcijańskich na oczach chrześcijańskiego władcy Honoriusza, który w tym czasie rezydował w mieście nad Tybrem. I to on zaproponował wyniesienie Telemachiusza do grona męczenników i oficjalnie zakazał tego typu rozrywek.

Od czasu pontyfikatu Innocentego I możemy mówić o narodzinach pojęcia „papież” – dostojnika, który już nie tylko dzierżył władzę nad Rzymem jako biskup rzymski, ale którego ambicją była władza nad całym Kościołem. Jako następca św. Piotra, czyli tego, który „był skałą”, na której zbudowano Kościół w Hiszpanii, Galii czy Afryce, uważał, że to on powinien być autorytetem nie tylko duchowym, ale i prawnym w tych rejonach imperium. Od tego czasu im bardziej będą rosnąć ambicje biskupów Rzymu do prymatu nad chrześcijańskim światem, tym bardziej będzie rósł ich dystans do Kościoła i do cesarza Wschodu. Wsparcie Innocentego I dla biskupa konstantynopolskiego Jana Chryzostoma przeciw cesarzowej Eudoksji doprowadziło wręcz do schizmy. Interweniował on też w Afryce, gdzie teorie mnicha Pelagiusza zaczęły cieszyć się zbytnim powodzeniem (pelagianizm), a ostatecznie go ekskomunikował, uważając, że to on jest ostateczną instancją w rozstrzyganiu sporów doktrynalnych.

Papież został pochowany na cmentarzu Poncjana przy via Portuensis, ale kilka wieków później jego szczątki przeniesiono do kościoła San Martino ai Monti.

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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '19' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '19' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '20' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 20
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '249' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 249
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '249' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 249
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '249' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 249
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '249' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 249
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '249'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 249
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '249' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 249
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '249'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 249
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '12' limit 1380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '1' limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '249'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 249
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4044' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4044
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '249'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 249
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '151' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 151
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '151' and `lang` = 'pl'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 151
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '151' and `lang` = 'pl'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 151
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '151' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 151
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '151'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 151
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '202' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 202
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '202' and `lang` = 'pl'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 202
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '202' and `lang` = 'pl'570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 202
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '202' and `lang` = 'pl'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 202
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '202'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 202
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '202' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 202
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '202'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 202
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '17' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 17
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '244' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 244
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '244' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 244
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '244' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 244
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '244' and `lang` = 'pl'610μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 244
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '244'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 244
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '244' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 244
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '244'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 244
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 14
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '245' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '245'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 245
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '245' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '245'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '248' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 248
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '248' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 248
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '248' and `lang` = 'pl'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 248
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '248' and `lang` = 'pl'600μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 248
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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