Commemorative monuments

The Column of Marcus Aurelius – a souvenir of a wise, sensible and brave emperor

Commemorative monuments

Column of the Immaculate Conception – an antidote for heresies and mistakes of contemporary times

Commemorative monuments

Arch of Janus – mysterious structure with four façades

Commemorative monuments

The Arch of the Silversmiths – a place of memory erased

Commemorative monuments

Arch of Constantine – an ancient example of artistic recycling

Commemorative monuments

Triumphant Arch of Emperor Titus – a commemoration of triumph and defeat engraved in stone

Commemorative monuments

Arch of Septimius Severus – a symbol of Roman expansion and dynastic ambitions

Commemorative monuments

Mausoleum of Empress Helena – meaning how to reconcile Christianity with the cult of the emperor

Commemorative monuments

Mausoleum on Janiculum Hill (Mausoleo Ossario Garibaldino) – the struggle for national heritage

Commemorative monuments

Antinous Obelisk (Pinciano) – pilgrimages of an obelisk of „sinful” provenance

Commemorative monuments

Flaminio Obelisk – a war trophy; the pride of the city, emperor and the pope

Commemorative monuments

Obelisk Macuteo – divine support for the emperor, the pope and the Roman populace

Commemorative monuments

Minerveo Obelisk, meaning the triumph of an elephant over Dominican dogs

Commemorative monuments

Mussolini Obelisk – a monument of national amnesia

Commemorative monuments

Vaticano Obelisk – a granite witness to history

Commemorative monuments

Statue of Giordano Bruno, meaning the ”black ship of Satan” among flowers, grapes and lettuce

Commemorative monuments

Statue of Giuseppe Mazzini – the delayed work of belle époque

Commemorative monuments

Funerary monument of Maria Clementina Sobieska – the joyful smile of a miserable queen

Commemorative monuments

Funerary monument of Pope Alexander VII, meaning the triumph of virtue over death

Commemorative monuments

Funerary Monument of Pope Benedict XIV – the last breath of a grand style

Commemorative monuments

Funerary monument of Pope Gregory XIII – the memories of the guardian of true faith

Commemorative monuments

Funerary Monument of Pope Gregory XV – a breath of subtle Jesuit propaganda

Commemorative monuments

Antonio Canova’s funerary monument of Pope Clement XIII – death appeased with beauty

Commemorative monuments

Antonio Canova’s funerary monument of Pope Clement XIV – a quiet grief of final parting

Commemorative monuments

Funerary Monument of Pope Leo XI – a modest and politically convincing work

Commemorative monuments

Funerary Monument of the Stuarts – death beautiful until perdition

Commemorative monuments

Pomnik papieża Innocentego X – od marnej śmierci do wiecznej pamięci