Cesarzowa Domicja Longina (53?–128?) – szanowana i potępiana, czyli los żony ostatniego Flawiusza

Portret Domicji, żony cesarza Domicjana,  Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie, zdj. Wikipedia

Portret Domicji, żony cesarza Domicjana, Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie, zdj. Wikipedia

Dzieje żony cesarza Domicjana są opowieścią o meandrach historycznego przekazu, o tym, że pomimo licznych informacji ówczesnych kronikarzy nic nie możemy powiedzieć o tej kobiecie ani jednoznacznie wyrokować, czy była ofiarą, czy też sprawczynią ważkich dziejowo faktów. To równocześnie historia o zdradzie i namiętności, która może przerodzić się w zbrodnię. Ale czy na pewno?

Portret Domicji, żony cesarza Domicjana,  Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie, zdj. Wikipedia

Dzieje żony cesarza Domicjana są opowieścią o meandrach historycznego przekazu, o tym, że pomimo licznych informacji ówczesnych kronikarzy nic nie możemy powiedzieć o tej kobiecie ani jednoznacznie wyrokować, czy była ofiarą, czy też sprawczynią ważkich dziejowo faktów. To równocześnie historia o zdradzie i namiętności, która może przerodzić się w zbrodnię. Ale czy na pewno?

Z portretów, które licznie zachowały się do naszych czasów, i jeszcze liczniejszych monet z jej wizerunkiem możemy sobie mniej więcej wyobrazić jej obraz – pewnej siebie, wyniosłej kobiety o mocnym podbródku. Domicja pochodziła ze znakomitej rzymskiej rodziny. Jej ojciec Gnejusz Domicjusz Korbulon był senatorem, który za czasów cesarza Nerona zmuszony został do samobójstwa. Jako młoda dziewczyna wyszła za mąż, jednak szybko wpadła w oko synowi ówczesnego cesarza Wespazjana – Domicjanowi. Poprzednie małżeństwo zostało anulowane, a w 70 roku doszło do ślubu dwojga zakochanych. Ze związku tego zrodziła się dwójka dzieci, które jednak szybko zmarły. Mimo to ich wspólne życie było harmonijne, a Domicjan, jak się wydaje, darzył swą żonę, która towarzyszyła mu w licznych podróżach po imperium, szczerym uczuciem. Jego szanse na cesarski tron były znikome i po śmierci Wespazjana zasiadł na nim faworyzowany przez ojca Tytus, który zjednał sobie uznanie i popularność. Jego nagła śmierć zaskoczyła wszystkich i w 81 roku nowym cesarzem został Domicjan, któremu z czasem zaczął towarzyszyć prawdziwie czarny PR i powszechna niechęć arystokratycznych rodów i senatorów. Na jej gruncie zrodziły się plotki, że za życia cesarza Tytusa Domicja zdradzała męża z jego bratem, co było bezpośrednim powodem jego nagłej śmierci (domniemana zazdrość). Niemniej cesarz Domicjan niezmiennie darzył żonę szacunkiem, a liczne monety, bite na jej cześć, odzwierciedlają jej rangę i pozycję, łączoną z takimi cnotami jak zgoda, pokój i płodność.

      Domicjan, popiersie, Musei Capitolini



Dwa lata później wybuchła w Rzymie prawdziwa afera. Zbulwersowała ona rzymian, może nie z tego powodu, że Domicja wdała się w burzliwy romans z aktorem o imieniu Parys, ale ze względu na karę, jaka spotkała kochanków ze strony zdradzonego męża. Domicja otrzymała list rozwodowy, po czym została wygnana z Rzymu, natomiast jej wybranka zasztyletowano. Krytyka cesarza była zapewne podgrzewana przez niechętnych mu senatorów, dała też asumpt do plotek na temat rozpasanego życia seksualnego samego cesarza, choć Domicjan był raczej konserwatywny i wielce czuły na punkcie morale, zarówno w państwie, jak i w swojej rodzinie. Jego okrutne w stosunku do senatorów rządy przysparzały mu jednak wielu nieprzyjaciół, chętnie spiskujących za jego plecami i pragnących jego śmierci. Coraz bardziej osaczony Domicjan tracił zaufanie do wszystkich, którzy go otaczali. Może to było powodem, dla którego ostatecznie wybaczył Domicji zdradę, wezwał ją do siebie, powtórnie poślubił i przywrócił jej dobre imię i wszelkie przywileje przynależne żonie cesarza. Jedni badacze wskazują na głębokie uczucie Domicjana do żony, które pozwoliło mu wybaczyć zdradę, inni widzą w jego postępowaniu zgoła inne pobudki. Arystokratyczne pochodzenie Domicji, jej rodowód sięgający korzeniami do Juliusza Cezara, jak i renoma, jaką cieszyła się jej rodzina, były kluczem do podreperowania przez Domicjana jego nadszarpniętego wizerunku. Nieprzychylne otoczenie nakazywało zmianę postępowania. Wybaczenie niewiernej żonie i stworzenie z niej ważnego filaru polityki dynastycznej, a z członków jej rodziny – sojuszników, nie wrogów leżało w jego interesie. W okresie gdy Domicjan wciąż liczyć się musiał ze spiskami i wrogami, był to sojusznik niebagatelny. Toteż wizerunek cesarzowej ponownie pojawił się na monetach, dając tym samym dowód stabilności cesarskiego związku i imperium. Jednak nie zmieniło to nienawiści do Domicjana, również wśród członków jego rodziny ze strony żony.

Do końca nie wiemy też, jak ważną rolę odegrała Domicja w kolejnym, tym razem skutecznym spisku na życie cesarza w 96 roku. Pewne jest, że wzięła w nim udział, a tym samym doprowadziła do śmierci męża przez zasztyletowanie, ale czy była to jej wola, czy też stała się jedynie narzędziem w rękach swej rodziny, nie wiadomo. Pomimo że Domicjan został oficjalnie przez senat wyklęty, a jego imię skazane na wieczną niepamięć, ona wciąż, aż do śmierci, nosiła przydomek Domitia Domitiani (Domicja, żona Domicjana). Dożyła późnej starości. W mieście Gabia, niedaleko Rzymu, najprawdopodobniej już po jej śmierci, zbudowano poświęconą jej świątynię.

 

 

 

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      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')510μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')42.1msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')570μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '45' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null680μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 45
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')680μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '45' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 45
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '45' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 45
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '45' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 45
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '45'580μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 45
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '45' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 45
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '45'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 45
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '9' limit 1340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 9
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '8' limit 1400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 8
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '45'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 45
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '1369' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 1369
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '45'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 45
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '12' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null620μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '12' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 12
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '12'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 12
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '12' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '12'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 12
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '46' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null250μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')430μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'pl'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 46
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'pl'670μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 46
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '46' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 46
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '46'550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 46
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '46' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '46'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 46
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '101' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null270μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 101
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '101' and `lang` = 'pl'540μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 101
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '101' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 101
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '101' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 101
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '101'2.03msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 101
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '101' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 101
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '101'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 101
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '159' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null270μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')550μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '159' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 159
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '159' and `lang` = 'pl'530μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 159
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '159' and `lang` = 'pl'500μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 159
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '159'380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 159
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '159' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '159'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 159
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '209' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 209
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '209' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 209
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '209' and `lang` = 'pl'610μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 209
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '209' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 209
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '209'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 209
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Metadata
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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