Genzeryk (ok. 390–477) – Wandal, który rzucił Rzym na kolana

Genzeryk w Rzymie, Karł Briułłow, zdj. Wikipedia

Genzeryk w Rzymie, Karł Briułłow, zdj. Wikipedia

Owiany złą sławą to sprytnego sprzymierzeńcy, to znowu wroga rzymskiego imperium wódz Wandalów i Alanów, Genzeryk, w czerwcu 455 roku wylądował u ujścia Tybru i rozpoczął marsz na Rzym. Nikt go nie zatrzymał, bramy miasta stały otwarte, a na pustej ulicy czekał na niego, jedynie w otoczeniu duchownych, papież Leon I, który – jak mówi legenda – już raz przeżył podobną sytuację, powstrzymując przed rabunkiem Wiecznego Miasta wodza Hunów Attylę.

Genzeryk w Rzymie, Karł Briułłow, zdj. Wikipedia
Moneta z wizerunkiem Genzeryka, zdj. Wikipedia
Rabunek Rzymu przez Genzeryka, Heinrich Leutemann, zdj. Wikipedia

Owiany złą sławą to sprytnego sprzymierzeńcy, to znowu wroga rzymskiego imperium wódz Wandalów i Alanów, Genzeryk, w czerwcu 455 roku wylądował u ujścia Tybru i rozpoczął marsz na Rzym. Nikt go nie zatrzymał, bramy miasta stały otwarte, a na pustej ulicy czekał na niego, jedynie w otoczeniu duchownych, papież Leon I, który – jak mówi legenda – już raz przeżył podobną sytuację, powstrzymując przed rabunkiem Wiecznego Miasta wodza Hunów Attylę.

 

      Moneta z wizerunkiem Genzeryka, zdj. Wikipedia

I tym razem udało się Leonowi przekonać żądnego łupów wodza do zaniechania podpalenia i zniszczenia miasta. Niestety, za obietnicę pozostawienia mieszkańców przy życiu, zaniechania gwałtów i rozlewu krwi zgodził się na jego splądrowanie. Najeźdźcy mieli dwa tygodnie, aby nasycić się i nakraść do woli na oczach przerażonych mieszkańców, tych oczywiście, których strach wcześniej nie wygnał z miasta. Miejsca publiczne ogołocono ze wszystkiego, co Wandalom wydawało się cenne, ofiarą padały świątynie, w tym ta Jowisza wraz z pozłacanym dachem, pałace cesarskie na Palatynie, posągi, pozłacane brązy, liturgiczne sprzęty z chrześcijańskich świątyń, a nawet wciąż przechowywane skarby żydowskie, przywiezione ongiś przez cesarza Tytusa ze zniszczonej przez Rzymian Jerozolimy. Wyładowane skarbami wozy co rusz opuszczały bramy miasta i kierowały się do portu, gdzie umieszczano je na statkach płynących do Kartaginy w Afryce, niegdyś najbogatszej prowincji rzymskiego imperium, nazywanej jego spichlerzem, z której spływało nie tylko zboże, ale też najwięcej podatków. Genzeryk podporządkował ją sobie w 439 roku, a do Italii nie przybył, aby splądrować Rzym albo, powiedzmy, nie tylko po to. Przypomnijmy, iż w tym czasie był on sojusznikiem cesarza Walentyniana III, od którego otrzymał tereny dzisiejszej Tunezji oraz wschodniej Algierii, jak również obietnicę bez precedensu – rękę cesarskiej córki Eudokii (po jej dojściu do pełnoletności) dla swego syna Huneryka, co na wieki miało pieczętować przyjaźń króla Wandalów z cesarzem imperium zachodniego. W zamian Genzeryk przyrzekł nie atakować i nie grabić Italii i Sycylii. Tymczasem po skrytobójczej śmierci Walentyniana, zamordowanego przez ludzi senatora i prefekta Rzymu Petroniusza Maksymusa, i zajęciu przez niego tronu imperium zachodniego, pierwszym gestem mającym na celu usankcjonowanie tej brutalnej uzurpacji był ślub Petroniusza z wdową po Walentynianie III, Licynią Eudoksją, a jego syna z Placydią – cesarską córką. Choć informacja ta nie znajduje potwierdzenia w źródłach, ponoć sama Licynia Eudoksja przywołać miała Wandalów na pomoc. Tak czy inaczej, ten ciąg wydarzeń był pretekstem do szybkiej zbrojnej interwencji Genzeryka, który pojawił się w oka mgnieniu de facto jako mściciel cesarza Walentyniana III, upominający się o przyrzeczoną dla swego syna narzeczoną. Nieszczęsny uzurpator zginął w trakcie ucieczki z miasta. Na wieść o zbliżających się oddziałach Wandalów mieszkańcy Rzymu, w Petroniuszu Maksymusie widzący przyczynę najazdu, rozszarpali go dosłownie na strzępy, a ciało wrzucili do Tybru. Uporawszy się w ten mało cywilizowany sposób z cesarzem, czekali na Genzeryka – chrześcijanina (obrządku ariańskiego), którego współczesny mu rzymski historyk i kronikarz Jordanes następująco opisywał: „Był mężczyzną średniego wzrostu, kulejącym wskutek upadku z konia. Skryty i małomówny, pogardzał zbytkiem. W gniewie się nie hamował, za bogactwem gonił. Urodzony wichrzyciel, po mistrzowsku potrafił siać ziarno waśni i zaszczepiać nienawiść między narodami”. 

Opuszczając miasto po jego rabunku, Wandalowie zabrali ze sobą cesarzową Licynię Eudoksję oraz cesarskie córki Eudokię i Placydię. Eudokia została poślubiona, zgodnie z planem, przez Huneryka, dwie pozostałe kobiety odesłano po kilku latach (462/463 r.), w momencie wygaśnięcia dynastii teodozjańskiej, do Konstantynopola. Jeńcami stali się też rzymianie biegli w budownictwie i rachunkowości – tych Genzeryk potrzebował w swoim nowym królestwie w Afryce.

      Rabunek Rzymu przez Genzeryka,
      Henrich Leutemann, zdj. Wikipedia

Bilans grabieży był następujący: budowle, choć ograbione z kosztowności, zostały uratowane, a mieszkańcy – przynajmniej ci, którzy nie stawiali oporu – zachowani przy życiu. Ale rzymska duma i pewność siebie ucierpiały, a wiara w przyszłość miasta i cesarza legła w gruzach. Kolejny raz barbarzyńskie hordy, gdyż tak postrzegali Wandalów rzymianie, wdarły się do miasta i kolejny raz w tym stuleciu musiało ono drogo opłacić swoje życie i przetrwanie. Nic dziwnego, że biskup Leon I zaskarbił sobie wdzięczność mieszkańców, gdyż to on, a potem jego następcy podjęli się trudu dbania o ich interesy.

Wypadki te doprowadziły do fali emigracji do Konstantynopola – głównie znaczących i bogatych rodów, ale nie tylko ich. Liczby mówią same za siebie. O ile jeszcze na początku V wieku Rzym miał około 800 tysięcy ludności, pod koniec stulecia było jej jedynie 100 tysięcy. Miasto ulegało też powolnej degradacji. Przybytki tzw. pogańskich kultów popadały w ruinę i mimo że walczono z ich plądrowaniem, w 459 roku wydano dekret, na mocy którego obiekty, które nie nadawały się do reparacji, można było rozbierać – a to oznaczało powszechne zezwolenie na grabież. Tak więc miasto chyliło się ku upadkowi, zanim jeszcze doszło do krachu samego imperium zachodniego.

Znany nam i wciąż będący w użytku termin wandalizm, oznaczający brutalne i bezmyślne niszczenie, zrodził się, o dziwo, nie w starożytnym Rzymie, ale w czasach rewolucji francuskiej i użyty został przez pewnego biskupa (Henri Grégoire), który w 1793 roku wandalizmem nazwał działania armii republikańskiej, bezwzględnie w tym czasie niszczącej kościoły i dzieła sztuki sakralnej. Jak się wydaje, określenie to nie było sprawiedliwe – w porównaniu z tym, co działo się we Francji, czyny Genzeryka należy uznać za bardziej cywilizowane, a ponadto nie miały one na celu niszczenia, ale rabunek, i jak się wydaje, bardziej można je przyrównać do działań bohatera narodowego Francuzów Napoleona Bonaparte, który planowe grabienie podbitych narodów wprzągł nawet w swoją politykę kulturalną.

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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '18' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 18
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '18' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 18
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '19' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 19
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '19' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 19
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '20' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 20
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '20' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 20
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '21' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 21
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '21' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 21
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '22' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 22
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '22' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 22
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '23' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 23
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '23' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 23
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '24' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 24
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '24' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 24
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '25' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 25
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '25' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 25
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '26' and `lang` = 'pl'370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 26
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '26' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 26
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '27' and `lang` = 'pl'300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 27
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '27' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 27
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '28' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 28
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '28' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '29' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 29
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where (`parent_id` = '29' and `status` = 'ACTIVE')380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 29
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `settings`310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '246' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null1.94msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 246
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')1.09msbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '246' and `lang` = 'pl'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 246
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '246' and `lang` = 'pl'460μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 246
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '246' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 246
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '246'330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 246
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '246' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 246
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '246'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 246
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '14' limit 1360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 14
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `attributes` where `key` in ('name') and (`table` = 'articles_categories')320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. name
        • 1. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '14' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 14
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_categories` where `articles_categories`.`id` = '1' limit 1300μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select * from `articles_photos` where `article_id` = '246'320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 246
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4035' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4035
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4036' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4036
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_photos')340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_photos
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '5' and `entity_id` = '4037' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 5
        • 1. 4037
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles_join` where `article_id` = '246'340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 246
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '243' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 243
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '243' and `lang` = 'pl'400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 243
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '243' and `lang` = 'pl'620μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 243
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '243' and `lang` = 'pl'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 243
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '243'350μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 243
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '243' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1320μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 243
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '243'610μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 243
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '10' and `lang` = 'pl'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 10
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '245' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null380μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')260μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'310μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'470μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '245' and `lang` = 'pl'520μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 245
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '245'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 245
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '245' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '245'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 245
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')330μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'390μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '247' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 247
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '247' and `lang` = 'pl'420μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 247
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '247' and `lang` = 'pl'480μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 247
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '247' and `lang` = 'pl'440μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 247
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `urls` where `table` = 'articles' and `entity_id` = '247'450μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        • 1. 247
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `articles`.`id` = '247' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1400μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 247
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      • select `articles_categories`.*, `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` as `pivot_article_id`, `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `articles_categories` inner join `articles_categories_join` on `articles_categories`.`id` = `articles_categories_join`.`category_id` where `articles_categories_join`.`article_id` = '247'360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 247
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles_categories')360μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles_categories
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '1' and `entity_id` = '9' and `lang` = 'pl'290μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        • 1. 9
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `articles` where `id` = '257' and `status` = 'ACTIVE' and `articles`.`deleted_at` is null340μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 257
        • 1. ACTIVE
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes` where (`table` = 'articles')370μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. articles
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_varchar` where `attribute_id` = '2' and `entity_id` = '257' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2
        • 1. 257
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '3' and `entity_id` = '257' and `lang` = 'pl'490μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 3
        • 1. 257
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • select * from `attributes_text` where `attribute_id` = '6' and `entity_id` = '257' and `lang` = 'pl'410μsbaza5943_roma
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6
        • 1. 257
        • 2. pl
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Hints
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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